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Math facts by grade

What kids are expected to know from memory in each grade from 1st to 4th, under the US Common Core, and free ways to practice.

• 1st gradeAdd and subtract within 20, with the facts within 10 down well.
• 2nd gradeKnow all sums of two one-digit numbers from memory, and add and subtract within 100.
• 3rd gradeKnow all products of two one-digit numbers from memory, and multiply and divide within 100.
• 4th gradeKeep the times tables quick, multiply and divide bigger numbers, and find factor pairs.

These come from the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, which most US states use or have adapted. Your child's school may word them differently.

Common questions

When should kids know their times tables?

Under the US Common Core, by the end of 3rd grade: all products of two one-digit numbers, from memory.

When should kids know their addition facts by heart?

Under the US Common Core, all sums of two one-digit numbers by the end of 2nd grade.